Nálezy podle období  
Eresidae 0-19001901-19501951-20002001+
Eresus moravicus Řezáč, 2008 Kriticky ohrožený 13× 22× 35×

Eresus moravicus Řezáč, 2008

České jménostepník moravský
Stupeň ohroženíKriticky ohrožený
Nálezy35 nálezů, 8 kvadrátů
První nález 1941, F. Miller, Řezáč et al. 2008
Poslední nález 2021 , Tomáš Krejčí
Areál rozšířeníEuropean - Pan. [Pan.]
Fytogeografická oblast
Thermo (Preference: Vysoká)
Západní část českého Termofytika a celé moravské Termofytikum. Oblast extrazonální teplomilné vegetace a květeny v rámci temperátního pásma, kde převládají nelesní společenstva.
Původnost stanovišť
climax (Preference: Vysoká)
Klimaxová stanoviště, která jsou minimálně narušena činností člověka: původní horská stanoviště, původní a přirozené lesy, mokřady, rašeliniště, skalní stepi a lesostepi, váté písky, kamenité sutě, skály apod.
Vlhkost stanovišť
very dry
Velmi suchá. Písčiny, skalní stepi, osluněné povrchy skal a kamenitých sutí.
Stratum
Ground layer (Preference: Vysoká)
Půdní povrch. Půdní povrch, prostory pod kameny, prostory v detritu a mechu.
Osvětlení stanovišť
open
Většinou bez vegetace či s nízkou vegetací, kde osvětlení zasahuje až k půdnímu povrchu: holé skály a sutě, štěrkové lavice, stěny budov, písčiny, skalní stepi, kosené louky, pole, vřesoviště, stanoviště nad horní hranicí lesa, rašeliniště.
Hojnost výskytu
rare
Vzácný. Druh vyskytující se na malém počtu mapových polí, většinou pouze v omezené oblasti. Vzácné jsou například druhy vyskytující se pouze v horských oblastech nebo druhy žijící pouze v nejteplejších oblastech České republiky
Nadm. výška200-550

Literatura

 © Oto Zimmermann
A total of 114 spider species from 25 families and one harvestmen species were found during the zoological research at several sites in the Podyjí National Park during 2019. Of them, forty-one species are listed in the Red List of spiders of the Czech Republic. Four new species for the Podyjí NP were recorded – Callilepis nocturna (Linnaeus, 1758), Euryopis laeta (Westring, 1861), Phrurolithus minimus C. L. Koch, 1839 and Trichoncus auritus (L. Koch, 1869). Among the most interesting species, four critically endangered spiders – Civizelotes caucasius (L. Koch, 1866), Phrurolithus szilyi Herman, 1879, Gnaphosa modestior Kulczyński, 1897 and Eresus moravicus Řezáč, 2008 should be mentioned. Other rare species include Acartauchenius scurrilis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873), Agyneta fuscipalpa (C. L. Koch, 1836), Arctosa figurata (Simon, 1876), Atypus affinis Eichwald, 1830, Bassaniodes robustus (Hahn, 1832), Callilepis schuszteri (Herman, 1879), Centromerus incilium (L. Koch, 1881), Centromerus leruthi Fage, 1933, Cheiracanthium effossum Herman, 1879, Drassyllus villicus (Thorell, 1875), Euryopis quinqueguttata Thorell, 1875, Frontinellina frutetorum (C. L. Koch, 1835), Gibbaranea gibbosa (Walckenaer, 1802), Gnaphosa opaca Herman, 1879, Haplodrassus cognatus (Westring, 1861), Haplodrassus dalmatensis (L. Koch, 1866), Haplodrassus minor (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879), Heterotheridion nigrovariegatum (Simon, 1873), Kishidaia conspicua (L. Koch, 1866), Leptorchestes berolinensis (C. L. Koch, 1846), Minicia marginella (Wider, 1834), Phrurolithus pullatus Kulczyński, 1897, Trichopterna cito (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873), Walckenaeria simplex Chyzer, 1894, Zelotes erebeus (Thorell, 1871) and Zora manicata Simon, 1878.

 © Oto Zimmermann
A total of 114 spider species from 25 families and one harvestmen species were found during the zoological research at several sites in the Podyjí National Park during 2019. Of them, forty-one species are listed in the Red List of spiders of the Czech Republic. Four new species for the Podyjí NP were recorded – Callilepis nocturna (Linnaeus, 1758), Euryopis laeta (Westring, 1861), Phrurolithus minimus C. L. Koch, 1839 and Trichoncus auritus (L. Koch, 1869). Among the most interesting species, four critically endangered spiders – Civizelotes caucasius (L. Koch, 1866), Phrurolithus szilyi Herman, 1879, Gnaphosa modestior Kulczyński, 1897 and Eresus moravicus Řezáč, 2008 should be mentioned. Other rare species include Acartauchenius scurrilis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873), Agyneta fuscipalpa (C. L. Koch, 1836), Arctosa figurata (Simon, 1876), Atypus affinis Eichwald, 1830, Bassaniodes robustus (Hahn, 1832), Callilepis schuszteri (Herman, 1879), Centromerus incilium (L. Koch, 1881), Centromerus leruthi Fage, 1933, Cheiracanthium effossum Herman, 1879, Drassyllus villicus (Thorell, 1875), Euryopis quinqueguttata Thorell, 1875, Frontinellina frutetorum (C. L. Koch, 1835), Gibbaranea gibbosa (Walckenaer, 1802), Gnaphosa opaca Herman, 1879, Haplodrassus cognatus (Westring, 1861), Haplodrassus dalmatensis (L. Koch, 1866), Haplodrassus minor (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879), Heterotheridion nigrovariegatum (Simon, 1873), Kishidaia conspicua (L. Koch, 1866), Leptorchestes berolinensis (C. L. Koch, 1846), Minicia marginella (Wider, 1834), Phrurolithus pullatus Kulczyński, 1897, Trichopterna cito (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873), Walckenaeria simplex Chyzer, 1894, Zelotes erebeus (Thorell, 1871) and Zora manicata Simon, 1878.

 © Oto Zimmermann

Habitat selection in sedentary, long-lived burrowing spiders is a key life-history event that directly affects their reproductive success. In this study, we analyzed the role of the chemical and physical properties of soil in habitat selection by threatened temperate burrowing spiders. We examined 296 burrows of three Atypus spp. and three Eresus spp. at 68 sites in Czechia. We found that the study species were associated with soils that have high or very high cation exchange capacity, which allows the presence of a stable nd humid microclimate in their burrows. We found that specific bedrock types can be used as predictors of the presence of particular study species. All Eresus spp. avoided compacted soils. However, when present in soils with very low penetration resistance, they were limited to sites with high soil cohesion. The burrows of all study species were located at well-drained sites. The study species seemed to be selective for a steppe-like character of their microhabitat but not necessarily for its southward orientation. We found the study species even at sites where steppes were present in the early 1950s and that underwent later afforestation but not extensive landscaping or plowing. What types of disturbances can be sustained by the study species and how long it takes the decreased populations to recover after, e.g., trampling associated with grazing, remain to be investigated.



 © Oto Zimmermann

Ladybird spiders (Eresus spp.) have attracted scientific interest since the 18th century, but taxonomical knowledge of the genus is unsatisfactory. Early classification based on colour and size variation divided European Eresus into numerous species. These were later lumped into one predominant morphospecies, Eresus niger/E. cinnaberinus, which could be found from Portugal to Central Asia. Here, we perform a major revision of Eresus from northern and central Europe using morphological, phenological, habitat, distribution and molecular data. Three species, Eresus kollari, Eresus sandaliatus and Eresus moravicus sp. n. were distinguished. The name E. niger (originally Aranea nigra) cannot be used as the name A. nigra was used for a previous spider species. The name E. cinnaberinus is considered a nomen dubium. The three species differ in size, colour pattern, shape of prosoma and copulatory organs, phenology, and have slightly different habitat requirements. No morphologically intermediate forms were recorded. In contrast to distinct morphology and phenology, the genus is genetically complex. Genetically, the mitochondrial haplotypes of Eresus sandaliatus and Eresus moravicus sp. n. are monophyletic, whereas those of Eresus kollari are paraphyletic. Eastern central European Eresus kollari is likely a hybrid lineage between Eresus sandaliatus and the monophyletic western central European Eresus kollari. Because eastern and western European Eresus kollari are morphologically and phenologically indistinguishable, we did not formally split them. However, detailed population-based research in the future may partition Eresus kollari into additional species.



Fotografie

Statistiky

Dle měsíce v roce


Dle nadmořské výšky


Dle metody sběru (35 použitých nálezů)
Eresus moravicus Řezáč, 2008 CRSamciSamiceMláďataNálezy
Zemní past7331417
Pozorování2103
Neurčeno15207
Individuální sběr5106
Fotografie11102
 SamciSamiceMláďataNálezy

Dle biotopu (35 použitých nálezů)
Eresus moravicus Řezáč, 2008 CRSamciSamiceMláďataNálezy
Neurčeno352818
Zahrady0101
Skalní stepi na vápenci53269
Lesostepní doubravy5203
Ruderály1001
Travnaté stepi11102
Písčiny1001
 SamciSamiceMláďataNálezy