Nálezy podle období | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gnaphosidae | 0-1900 | 1901-1950 | 1951-2000 | 2001-2018 | |
Drassodes lapidosus (Walckenaer, 1802) Není ohrožený | 1x | 10x | 672x | 159x | 842x |
České jméno | skálovka žlutavá |
---|---|
Stupeň ohrožení | Není ohrožený |
Nálezy | 842 nálezů, 130 kvadrátů |
První nález |
1859, F. Prach, Prach 1866 |
Poslední nález | 2019 , Vlastimil Růžička |
Areál rozšíření | Palaearctic - Transp. (Af. |
Fytogeografická oblast | Thermo, Meso |
Původnost stanovišť | climax, semi-natural |
Vlhkost stanovišť | very dry, dry |
Stratum | Ground layer, Vertical surfaces |
Osvětlení stanovišť | open, (semi-open, partly shaded) |
Hojnost výskytu | very abundant |
Nadm. výška | 200-500-1000 |
The invertebrates of the Macocha Abyss, Moravian Karst, Czech Republic, were collected in 2007–2008 and 222 species were identified in total. The relative abundance of individual taxa of land snails, harvestmen, pseudoscorpions, spiders, millipedes, centipedes, terrestrial isopods, beetles, and ants was evaluated. The cold-adapted mountain and subterranean species inhabit the bottom and lower part of the abyss, whereas the sun-exposed rocky margins were inhabited by thermophilous species. Macocha harbors several threatened species that are absent or very rare in the surrounding habitats. In the forest landscape, the Macocha Abyss represents a natural habitat with a distinct microclimatic gradient, and is an excellent refuge area for psychrophilous as well as thermophilous species, which significantly contributes to maintenance of landscape biodiversity.
While the majority of the Central European landscape would be covered by forests without human influence, rocky areas form isolated, islet-like, natural, non-forest habitats. The surface of some of these non-forested areas is composed of bare bedrock or products of its erosional breakdown (without a soil layer) such as gravel, sand banks, sand dunes, scree slopes and rock outcrop habitats. These habitats harbour specialized spider species that depend on their specific substratum and microclimate (Růžička 2000). Out of these habitats, rock walls (and scree slopes) form one of the most distinct ecological gradients of any terrestrial ecosystem (Larson et al. 1989, Růžička et al. 1995). They provide habitats with extremely warm and cold microclimatic conditions in close proximity. They also belong to habitats almost unknown until now due to the technical and practical problems of sampling.
Sandstones can form extensive systems of rocks, sometimes with a broad spectrum of meso- and microhabitats due to their very dynamic relief. Sandstone rocks are characterised by a marked contrast between forested plateau and bare vertical rock walls (Balatka and Sládek 1984). Upper margins of rocks are dry, vertical rock walls can be sun-exposed, dry and bare, or shady and humid and hence covered by mosses. Spaces with an extremely cold climate can occur in deep gorges. The aim of this study is to evaluate available data on the species composition of spider assemblages in sandstone rocks, including new data about spiders on rock walls in the Bohemian Switzerland (České Švýcarsko) National Park.
Drassodes lapidosus (Walckenaer, 1802) ES | Samci | Samice | Mláďata | Nálezy |
---|---|---|---|---|
Individuální sběr | 150 | 144 | 8 | 115 |
Zemní past | 972 | 400 | 398 | 497 |
Žlutá miska | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Smyk | 18 | 15 | 0 | 13 |
Prosev | 7 | 6 | 0 | 11 |
Sklepávání | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Eklektor | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Samci | Samice | Mláďata | Nálezy |
Drassodes lapidosus (Walckenaer, 1802) ES | Samci | Samice | Mláďata | Nálezy |
---|---|---|---|---|
zahrady | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Nízké xerofilní křoviny | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Kamenolom | 12 | 11 | 2 | 17 |
kamenolomy | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
pískovny | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
lesostepní doubravy | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
interiéry budov | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Xerotermy na jiných podkladech | 165 | 97 | 3 | 89 |
Skály nižších a středních výšek | 129 | 24 | 2 | 22 |
Kamenité sutě | 135 | 37 | 6 | 53 |
Ovocné sady a vinohrady | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Xerotermní travinobylinná společenstva | 36 | 21 | 1 | 17 |
Rašeliniště a slatiniště | 18 | 9 | 0 | 13 |
Květnaté bučiny | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
Skalní lesostepi, šípákové a teplomilné doubravy | 89 | 77 | 3 | 43 |
Horské smrčiny | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Skalní stepi na vápencových podkladech | 153 | 74 | 56 | 109 |
Urbánní biotopy | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Haldy a výsypky | 1 | 1 | 303 | 13 |
Vřesoviště se smilkou, vřesem, borůvkou | 20 | 10 | 0 | 10 |
Louky a pastviny | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Mezofilní louky | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Kulturní lesy | 7 | 3 | 1 | 6 |
Pastviny | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
Pískovcová skalní města | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Lesy | 3 | 6 | 0 | 5 |
Dubo-habrové háje a acidofilní doubravy | 27 | 24 | 8 | 30 |
Těžební jámy | 0 | 0 | 15 | 1 |
Reliktní bory na skalních podkladech | 10 | 6 | 0 | 11 |
Acidofilní bory | 21 | 9 | 0 | 14 |
Acidofilní bukové bučiny | 4 | 2 | 0 | 6 |
Přirozené lesy | 6 | 2 | 0 | 5 |
Smrkové monokultury | 15 | 4 | 0 | 8 |
Lesní okraje | 16 | 6 | 0 | 15 |
Trnkové křoviny | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Přirozené smrčiny (bory a březiny) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Pole | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Lesní paseky | 2 | 4 | 0 | 6 |
Suťové a roklinové lesy | 24 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
Rákosiny, orobincové porosty | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Křovinatý plášť lesa | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Ovocné sady | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Břehy tekoucích vod | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Floristicky pestré křoviny | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Louky | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Lužní lesy | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Travnatá a keříčkovitá společenstva na silikátovém podkladu | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Interiéry budov | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Polní úhory | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Písečné přesypy | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Reliktní bory a borové doubravy vátých písků | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Samci | Samice | Mláďata | Nálezy |